diff --git a/.metadata b/.metadata
index 93062d4..a85adb5 100644
Binary files a/.metadata and b/.metadata differ
diff --git a/.templates/bin/acme.sh b/.templates/bin/acme.sh
index 4cf407f..7d9ee2d 100755
--- a/.templates/bin/acme.sh
+++ b/.templates/bin/acme.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
 
-VER=3.0.8
+VER=3.1.3
 
 PROJECT_NAME="acme.sh"
 
@@ -23,9 +23,6 @@ _SUB_FOLDERS="$_SUB_FOLDER_DNSAPI $_SUB_FOLDER_DEPLOY $_SUB_FOLDER_NOTIFY"
 CA_LETSENCRYPT_V2="https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory"
 CA_LETSENCRYPT_V2_TEST="https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory"
 
-CA_BUYPASS="https://api.buypass.com/acme/directory"
-CA_BUYPASS_TEST="https://api.test4.buypass.no/acme/directory"
-
 CA_ZEROSSL="https://acme.zerossl.com/v2/DV90"
 _ZERO_EAB_ENDPOINT="https://api.zerossl.com/acme/eab-credentials-email"
 
@@ -35,6 +32,8 @@ CA_SSLCOM_ECC="https://acme.ssl.com/sslcom-dv-ecc"
 CA_GOOGLE="https://dv.acme-v02.api.pki.goog/directory"
 CA_GOOGLE_TEST="https://dv.acme-v02.test-api.pki.goog/directory"
 
+CA_ACTALIS="https://acme-api.actalis.com/acme/directory"
+
 DEFAULT_CA=$CA_ZEROSSL
 DEFAULT_STAGING_CA=$CA_LETSENCRYPT_V2_TEST
 
@@ -42,14 +41,13 @@ CA_NAMES="
 ZeroSSL.com,zerossl
 LetsEncrypt.org,letsencrypt
 LetsEncrypt.org_test,letsencrypt_test,letsencrypttest
-BuyPass.com,buypass
-BuyPass.com_test,buypass_test,buypasstest
 SSL.com,sslcom
 Google.com,google
 Google.com_test,googletest,google_test
+Actalis.com,actalis.com,actalis
 "
 
-CA_SERVERS="$CA_ZEROSSL,$CA_LETSENCRYPT_V2,$CA_LETSENCRYPT_V2_TEST,$CA_BUYPASS,$CA_BUYPASS_TEST,$CA_SSLCOM_RSA,$CA_GOOGLE,$CA_GOOGLE_TEST"
+CA_SERVERS="$CA_ZEROSSL,$CA_LETSENCRYPT_V2,$CA_LETSENCRYPT_V2_TEST,$CA_SSLCOM_RSA,$CA_GOOGLE,$CA_GOOGLE_TEST,$CA_ACTALIS"
 
 DEFAULT_USER_AGENT="$PROJECT_NAME/$VER ($PROJECT)"
 
@@ -67,7 +65,7 @@ ID_TYPE_IP="ip"
 
 LOCAL_ANY_ADDRESS="0.0.0.0"
 
-DEFAULT_RENEW=60
+DEFAULT_RENEW=30
 
 NO_VALUE="no"
 
@@ -180,6 +178,8 @@ _VALIDITY_WIKI="https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/Validity"
 
 _DNSCHECK_WIKI="https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnscheck"
 
+_PROFILESELECTION_WIKI="https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/Profile-selection"
+
 _DNS_MANUAL_ERR="The dns manual mode can not renew automatically, you must issue it again manually. You'd better use the other modes instead."
 
 _DNS_MANUAL_WARN="It seems that you are using dns manual mode. please take care: $_DNS_MANUAL_ERR"
@@ -250,6 +250,13 @@ _dlg_versions() {
     socat -V 2>&1
   else
     _debug "socat doesn't exist."
+    if _exists "python3"; then
+      python3 -V 2>&1
+    elif _exists "python2"; then
+      python2 -V 2>&1
+    elif _exists "python"; then
+      python -V 2>&1
+    fi
   fi
 }
 
@@ -436,14 +443,28 @@ _secure_debug3() {
   fi
 }
 
+__USE_TR_TAG=""
+if [ "$(echo "abc" | LANG=C tr a-z A-Z 2>/dev/null)" != "ABC" ]; then
+  __USE_TR_TAG="1"
+fi
+export __USE_TR_TAG
+
 _upper_case() {
-  # shellcheck disable=SC2018,SC2019
-  tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]'
+  if [ "$__USE_TR_TAG" ]; then
+    LANG=C tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]'
+  else
+    # shellcheck disable=SC2018,SC2019
+    LANG=C tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]'
+  fi
 }
 
 _lower_case() {
-  # shellcheck disable=SC2018,SC2019
-  tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'
+  if [ "$__USE_TR_TAG" ]; then
+    LANG=C tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'
+  else
+    # shellcheck disable=SC2018,SC2019
+    LANG=C tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'
+  fi
 }
 
 _startswith() {
@@ -672,8 +693,10 @@ _hex_dump() {
 #0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  -  _  .  ~
 #30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 2d 5f 2e 7e
 
+#_url_encode [upper-hex]  the encoded hex will be upper-case if the argument upper-hex is followed
 #stdin stdout
 _url_encode() {
+  _upper_hex=$1
   _hex_str=$(_hex_dump)
   _debug3 "_url_encode"
   _debug3 "_hex_str" "$_hex_str"
@@ -883,6 +906,9 @@ _url_encode() {
       ;;
     #other hex
     *)
+      if [ "$_upper_hex" = "upper-hex" ]; then
+        _hex_code=$(printf "%s" "$_hex_code" | _upper_case)
+      fi
       printf '%%%s' "$_hex_code"
       ;;
     esac
@@ -916,6 +942,9 @@ _sed_i() {
   if sed -h 2>&1 | grep "\-i\[SUFFIX]" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
     _debug "Using sed  -i"
     sed -i "$options" "$filename"
+  elif sed -h 2>&1 | grep "\-i extension" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    _debug "Using FreeBSD sed -i"
+    sed -i "" "$options" "$filename"
   else
     _debug "No -i support in sed"
     text="$(cat "$filename")"
@@ -1009,7 +1038,7 @@ _digest() {
 
   outputhex="$2"
 
-  if [ "$alg" = "sha256" ] || [ "$alg" = "sha1" ] || [ "$alg" = "md5" ]; then
+  if [ "$alg" = "sha3-256" ] || [ "$alg" = "sha256" ] || [ "$alg" = "sha1" ] || [ "$alg" = "md5" ]; then
     if [ "$outputhex" ]; then
       ${ACME_OPENSSL_BIN:-openssl} dgst -"$alg" -hex | cut -d = -f 2 | tr -d ' '
     else
@@ -1228,7 +1257,7 @@ _idn() {
   fi
 }
 
-#_createcsr  cn  san_list  keyfile csrfile conf acmeValidationv1
+#_createcsr  cn  san_list  keyfile csrfile conf acmeValidationv1 extendedUsage
 _createcsr() {
   _debug _createcsr
   domain="$1"
@@ -1237,6 +1266,7 @@ _createcsr() {
   csr="$4"
   csrconf="$5"
   acmeValidationv1="$6"
+  extusage="$7"
   _debug2 domain "$domain"
   _debug2 domainlist "$domainlist"
   _debug2 csrkey "$csrkey"
@@ -1245,9 +1275,8 @@ _createcsr() {
 
   printf "[ req_distinguished_name ]\n[ req ]\ndistinguished_name = req_distinguished_name\nreq_extensions = v3_req\n[ v3_req ]" >"$csrconf"
 
-  if [ "$Le_ExtKeyUse" ]; then
-    _savedomainconf Le_ExtKeyUse "$Le_ExtKeyUse"
-    printf "\nextendedKeyUsage=$Le_ExtKeyUse\n" >>"$csrconf"
+  if [ "$extusage" ]; then
+    printf "\nextendedKeyUsage=$extusage\n" >>"$csrconf"
   else
     printf "\nextendedKeyUsage=serverAuth,clientAuth\n" >>"$csrconf"
   fi
@@ -1393,6 +1422,12 @@ _ss() {
     return 0
   fi
 
+  if [ "$(uname)" = "AIX" ]; then
+    _debug "Using: AIX netstat"
+    netstat -an | grep "^tcp" | grep "LISTEN" | grep "\.$_port "
+    return 0
+  fi
+
   if _exists "netstat"; then
     _debug "Using: netstat"
     if netstat -help 2>&1 | grep "\-p proto" >/dev/null; then
@@ -1437,8 +1472,8 @@ _toPkcs() {
   else
     ${ACME_OPENSSL_BIN:-openssl} pkcs12 -export -out "$_cpfx" -inkey "$_ckey" -in "$_ccert" -certfile "$_cca"
   fi
-  if [ "$?" == "0" ]; then
-    _savedomainconf "Le_PFXPassword" "$pfxPassword"
+  if [ "$?" = "0" ]; then
+    _savedomainconf "Le_PFXPassword" "$pfxPassword" "base64"
   fi
 
 }
@@ -1623,6 +1658,11 @@ _time2str() {
     return
   fi
 
+  #Omnios
+  if date -u -r "$1" +"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ" 2>/dev/null; then
+    return
+  fi
+
   #Solaris
   if printf "%(%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)T\n" $1 2>/dev/null; then
     return
@@ -1792,6 +1832,10 @@ _time() {
 #    2022-04-01 08:10:33   to   1648800633
 #or  2022-04-01T08:10:33Z  to   1648800633
 _date2time() {
+  #Mac/BSD
+  if date -u -j -f "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" "$(echo "$1" | tr -d "Z" | tr "T" ' ')" +"%s" 2>/dev/null; then
+    return
+  fi
   #Linux
   if date -u -d "$(echo "$1" | tr -d "Z" | tr "T" ' ')" +"%s" 2>/dev/null; then
     return
@@ -1801,12 +1845,12 @@ _date2time() {
   if gdate -u -d "$(echo "$1" | tr -d "Z" | tr "T" ' ')" +"%s" 2>/dev/null; then
     return
   fi
-  #Mac/BSD
-  if date -u -j -f "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" "$(echo "$1" | tr -d "Z" | tr "T" ' ')" +"%s" 2>/dev/null; then
+  #Omnios
+  if python3 -c "import datetime; print(int(datetime.datetime.strptime(\"$1\", \"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S\").replace(tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc).timestamp()))" 2>/dev/null; then
     return
   fi
   #Omnios
-  if da="$(echo "$1" | tr -d "Z" | tr "T" ' ')" perl -MTime::Piece -e 'print Time::Piece->strptime($ENV{da}, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")->epoch, "\n";' 2>/dev/null; then
+  if python3 -c "import datetime; print(int(datetime.datetime.strptime(\"$1\", \"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ\").replace(tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc).timestamp()))" 2>/dev/null; then
     return
   fi
   _err "Cannot parse _date2time $1"
@@ -1860,6 +1904,11 @@ _inithttp() {
 
   if [ -z "$_ACME_CURL" ] && _exists "curl"; then
     _ACME_CURL="curl --silent --dump-header $HTTP_HEADER "
+    if [ "$ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS" ]; then
+      _ACME_CURL="$_ACME_CURL --ipv6 "
+    elif [ "$ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS" ]; then
+      _ACME_CURL="$_ACME_CURL --ipv4 "
+    fi
     if [ -z "$ACME_HTTP_NO_REDIRECTS" ]; then
       _ACME_CURL="$_ACME_CURL -L "
     fi
@@ -1887,6 +1936,11 @@ _inithttp() {
 
   if [ -z "$_ACME_WGET" ] && _exists "wget"; then
     _ACME_WGET="wget -q"
+    if [ "$ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS" ]; then
+      _ACME_WGET="$_ACME_WGET --inet6-only "
+    elif [ "$ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS" ]; then
+      _ACME_WGET="$_ACME_WGET --inet4-only "
+    fi
     if [ "$ACME_HTTP_NO_REDIRECTS" ]; then
       _ACME_WGET="$_ACME_WGET --max-redirect 0 "
     fi
@@ -2188,7 +2242,6 @@ _send_signed_request() {
         _debug2 _headers "$_headers"
         _CACHED_NONCE="$(echo "$_headers" | grep -i "Replay-Nonce:" | _head_n 1 | tr -d "\r\n " | cut -d ':' -f 2)"
       fi
-      _debug2 _CACHED_NONCE "$_CACHED_NONCE"
       if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
         _err "Cannot connect to $nonceurl to get nonce."
         return 1
@@ -2305,6 +2358,7 @@ _setopt() {
   fi
   if [ ! -f "$__conf" ]; then
     touch "$__conf"
+    chmod 600 "$__conf"
   fi
   if [ -n "$(_tail_c 1 <"$__conf")" ]; then
     echo >>"$__conf"
@@ -2361,7 +2415,7 @@ _clear_conf() {
   _sdkey="$2"
   if [ "$_c_c_f" ]; then
     _conf_data="$(cat "$_c_c_f")"
-    echo "$_conf_data" | sed "s/^$_sdkey *=.*$//" >"$_c_c_f"
+    echo "$_conf_data" | sed "/^$_sdkey *=.*$/d" >"$_c_c_f"
   else
     _err "Config file is empty, cannot clear"
   fi
@@ -2513,37 +2567,76 @@ _startserver() {
   _debug Le_Listen_V4 "$Le_Listen_V4"
   _debug Le_Listen_V6 "$Le_Listen_V6"
 
-  _NC="socat"
-  if [ "$Le_Listen_V6" ]; then
-    _NC="$_NC -6"
-  else
-    _NC="$_NC -4"
-  fi
+  if _exists "socat"; then
+    _NC="socat"
+    if [ "$Le_Listen_V6" ]; then
+      _NC="$_NC -6"
+      SOCAT_OPTIONS=TCP6-LISTEN
+    elif [ "$Le_Listen_V4" ]; then
+      _NC="$_NC -4"
+      SOCAT_OPTIONS=TCP4-LISTEN
+    else
+      SOCAT_OPTIONS=TCP-LISTEN
+    fi
 
-  if [ "$DEBUG" ] && [ "$DEBUG" -gt "1" ]; then
-    _NC="$_NC -d -d -v"
-  fi
+    if [ "$DEBUG" ] && [ "$DEBUG" -gt "1" ]; then
+      _NC="$_NC -d -d -v"
+    fi
 
-  SOCAT_OPTIONS=TCP-LISTEN:$Le_HTTPPort,crlf,reuseaddr,fork
+    SOCAT_OPTIONS=$SOCAT_OPTIONS:$Le_HTTPPort,crlf,reuseaddr,fork
 
-  #Adding bind to local-address
-  if [ "$ncaddr" ]; then
-    SOCAT_OPTIONS="$SOCAT_OPTIONS,bind=${ncaddr}"
-  fi
+    #Adding bind to local-address
+    if [ "$ncaddr" ]; then
+      SOCAT_OPTIONS="$SOCAT_OPTIONS,bind=${ncaddr}"
+    fi
 
-  _content_len="$(printf "%s" "$content" | wc -c)"
-  _debug _content_len "$_content_len"
-  _debug "_NC" "$_NC $SOCAT_OPTIONS"
-  export _SOCAT_ERR="$(_mktemp)"
-  $_NC $SOCAT_OPTIONS SYSTEM:"sleep 1; \
+    _content_len="$(printf "%s" "$content" | wc -c)"
+    _debug _content_len "$_content_len"
+    _debug "_NC" "$_NC $SOCAT_OPTIONS"
+    export _SOCAT_ERR="$(_mktemp)"
+    $_NC $SOCAT_OPTIONS SYSTEM:"sleep 1; \
 echo 'HTTP/1.0 200 OK'; \
 echo 'Content-Length\: $_content_len'; \
 echo ''; \
 printf '%s' '$content';" 2>"$_SOCAT_ERR" &
-  serverproc="$!"
+    serverproc="$!"
+  else
+    _PYTHON=""
+    if _exists "python3"; then
+      _PYTHON="python3"
+    elif _exists "python2"; then
+      _PYTHON="python2"
+    elif _exists "python"; then
+      _PYTHON="python"
+    fi
+    if [ "$_PYTHON" ]; then
+      _debug "Using python: $_PYTHON"
+      _AF="socket.AF_INET"
+      _BIND_ADDR="0.0.0.0"
+      if [ "$Le_Listen_V6" ]; then
+        _AF="socket.AF_INET6"
+        _BIND_ADDR="::"
+      fi
+      if [ "$ncaddr" ]; then
+        _BIND_ADDR="$ncaddr"
+      fi
+      export _SOCAT_ERR="$(_mktemp)"
+      $_PYTHON -c "import socket,sys;s=socket.socket($_AF,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1);s.bind((sys.argv[2],int(sys.argv[1])));s.listen(5);res='HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: '+str(len(sys.argv[3]))+'\r\n\r\n'+sys.argv[3];
+while True:
+ c,a=s.accept()
+ c.sendall(res.encode() if hasattr(res, 'encode') else res)
+ c.close()" "$Le_HTTPPort" "$_BIND_ADDR" "$content" 2>"$_SOCAT_ERR" &
+      serverproc="$!"
+      _NC="$_PYTHON"
+    else
+      _err "Please install socat or python first for standalone mode."
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+
   if [ -f "$_SOCAT_ERR" ]; then
     if grep "Permission denied" "$_SOCAT_ERR" >/dev/null; then
-      _err "socat: $(cat $_SOCAT_ERR)"
+      _err "$_NC: $(cat $_SOCAT_ERR)"
       _err "Can not listen for user: $(whoami)"
       _err "Maybe try with root again?"
       rm -f "$_SOCAT_ERR"
@@ -2733,6 +2826,7 @@ _clearAPI() {
   ACME_REVOKE_CERT=""
   ACME_NEW_NONCE=""
   ACME_AGREEMENT=""
+  ACME_RENEWAL_INFO=""
 }
 
 #server
@@ -2745,7 +2839,7 @@ _initAPI() {
   _request_retry_times=0
   while [ -z "$ACME_NEW_ACCOUNT" ] && [ "${_request_retry_times}" -lt "$MAX_API_RETRY_TIMES" ]; do
     _request_retry_times=$(_math "$_request_retry_times" + 1)
-    response=$(_get "$_api_server")
+    response=$(_get "$_api_server" "" 10)
     if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
       _debug2 "response" "$response"
       _info "Cannot init API for: $_api_server."
@@ -2777,6 +2871,9 @@ _initAPI() {
     ACME_AGREEMENT=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o 'termsOfService" *: *"[^"]*"' | cut -d '"' -f 3)
     export ACME_AGREEMENT
 
+    ACME_RENEWAL_INFO=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o 'renewalInfo" *: *"[^"]*"' | cut -d '"' -f 3)
+    export ACME_RENEWAL_INFO
+
     _debug "ACME_KEY_CHANGE" "$ACME_KEY_CHANGE"
     _debug "ACME_NEW_AUTHZ" "$ACME_NEW_AUTHZ"
     _debug "ACME_NEW_ORDER" "$ACME_NEW_ORDER"
@@ -2784,6 +2881,7 @@ _initAPI() {
     _debug "ACME_REVOKE_CERT" "$ACME_REVOKE_CERT"
     _debug "ACME_AGREEMENT" "$ACME_AGREEMENT"
     _debug "ACME_NEW_NONCE" "$ACME_NEW_NONCE"
+    _debug "ACME_RENEWAL_INFO" "$ACME_RENEWAL_INFO"
     if [ "$ACME_NEW_ACCOUNT" ] && [ "$ACME_NEW_ORDER" ]; then
       return 0
     fi
@@ -3491,7 +3589,7 @@ _on_before_issue() {
   _debug _chk_alt_domains "$_chk_alt_domains"
   #run pre hook
   if [ "$_chk_pre_hook" ]; then
-    _info "Runing pre hook:'$_chk_pre_hook'"
+    _info "Running pre hook:'$_chk_pre_hook'"
     if ! (
       export Le_Domain="$_chk_main_domain"
       export Le_Alt="$_chk_alt_domains"
@@ -3502,9 +3600,9 @@ _on_before_issue() {
     fi
   fi
 
-  if _hasfield "$_chk_web_roots" "$NO_VALUE"; then
-    if ! _exists "socat"; then
-      _err "Please install socat tools first."
+  if _hasfield "$_chk_web_roots" "$NO_VALUE" && [ "$_chk_web_roots" = "$NO_VALUE" ]; then
+    if ! _exists "socat" && ! _exists "python" && ! _exists "python2" && ! _exists "python3"; then
+      _err "Please install socat or python tools first."
       return 1
     fi
   fi
@@ -4394,6 +4492,8 @@ issue() {
   _preferred_chain="${15}"
   _valid_from="${16}"
   _valid_to="${17}"
+  _certificate_profile="${18}"
+  _extended_key_usage="${19}"
 
   if [ -z "$_ACME_IS_RENEW" ]; then
     _initpath "$_main_domain" "$_key_length"
@@ -4413,7 +4513,7 @@ issue() {
     Le_NextRenewTime=$(_readdomainconf Le_NextRenewTime)
     _debug Le_NextRenewTime "$Le_NextRenewTime"
     if [ -z "$FORCE" ] && [ "$Le_NextRenewTime" ] && [ "$(_time)" -lt "$Le_NextRenewTime" ]; then
-      _valid_to_saved=$(_readdomainconf Le_Valid_to)
+      _valid_to_saved=$(_readdomainconf Le_Valid_To)
       if [ "$_valid_to_saved" ] && ! _startswith "$_valid_to_saved" "+"; then
         _info "The domain is set to be valid to: $_valid_to_saved"
         _info "It cannot be renewed automatically"
@@ -4469,6 +4569,11 @@ issue() {
   else
     _cleardomainconf "Le_Preferred_Chain"
   fi
+  if [ "$_certificate_profile" ]; then
+    _savedomainconf "Le_Certificate_Profile" "$_certificate_profile"
+  else
+    _cleardomainconf "Le_Certificate_Profile"
+  fi
 
   Le_API="$ACME_DIRECTORY"
   _savedomainconf "Le_API" "$Le_API"
@@ -4480,6 +4585,7 @@ issue() {
 
   if ! _on_before_issue "$_web_roots" "$_main_domain" "$_alt_domains" "$_pre_hook" "$_local_addr"; then
     _err "_on_before_issue."
+    _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -4532,12 +4638,25 @@ issue() {
         return 1
       fi
     fi
-    if ! _createcsr "$_main_domain" "$_alt_domains" "$CERT_KEY_PATH" "$CSR_PATH" "$DOMAIN_SSL_CONF"; then
+    _keyusage="$_extended_key_usage"
+    if [ "$Le_API" = "$CA_GOOGLE" ] || [ "$Le_API" = "$CA_GOOGLE_TEST" ]; then
+      if [ -z "$_keyusage" ]; then
+        #https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/6610
+        #google accepts serverauth only
+        _keyusage="serverAuth"
+      fi
+    fi
+    if ! _createcsr "$_main_domain" "$_alt_domains" "$CERT_KEY_PATH" "$CSR_PATH" "$DOMAIN_SSL_CONF" "" "$_keyusage"; then
       _err "Error creating CSR."
       _clearup
       _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
       return 1
     fi
+    if [ "$_extended_key_usage" ]; then
+      _savedomainconf "Le_ExtKeyUse" "$_extended_key_usage"
+    else
+      _cleardomainconf "Le_ExtKeyUse"
+    fi
   fi
 
   _savedomainconf "Le_Keylength" "$_key_length"
@@ -4600,6 +4719,9 @@ issue() {
     if [ "$_notAfter" ]; then
       _newOrderObj="$_newOrderObj,\"notAfter\": \"$_notAfter\""
     fi
+    if [ "$_certificate_profile" ]; then
+      _newOrderObj="$_newOrderObj,\"profile\": \"$_certificate_profile\""
+    fi
     _debug "STEP 1, Ordering a Certificate"
     if ! _send_signed_request "$ACME_NEW_ORDER" "$_newOrderObj}"; then
       _err "Error creating new order."
@@ -4739,7 +4861,8 @@ $_authorizations_map"
         _debug keyauthorization "$keyauthorization"
       fi
 
-      entry="$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o '[^\{]*"type":"'$vtype'"[^\}]*')"
+      # Fix for empty error objects in response which mess up the original code, adapted from fix suggested here: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4933#issuecomment-1870499018
+      entry="$(echo "$response" | sed s/'"error":{}'/'"error":null'/ | _egrep_o '[^\{]*"type":"'$vtype'"[^\}]*')"
       _debug entry "$entry"
 
       if [ -z "$keyauthorization" -a -z "$entry" ]; then
@@ -4989,9 +5112,11 @@ $_authorizations_map"
 
         _debug "Writing token: $token to $wellknown_path/$token"
 
-        mkdir -p "$wellknown_path"
-
-        if ! printf "%s" "$keyauthorization" >"$wellknown_path/$token"; then
+        # Ensure .well-known is visible to web server user/group
+        # https://github.com/Neilpang/acme.sh/pull/32
+        if ! (umask ugo+rx &&
+          mkdir -p "$wellknown_path" &&
+          printf "%s" "$keyauthorization" >"$wellknown_path/$token"); then
           _err "$d: Cannot write token to file: $wellknown_path/$token"
           _clearupwebbroot "$_currentRoot" "$removelevel" "$token"
           _clearup
@@ -5111,6 +5236,19 @@ $_authorizations_map"
         _on_issue_err "$_post_hook" "$vlist"
         return 1
       fi
+      _retryafter=$(echo "$responseHeaders" | grep -i "^Retry-After *: *[0-9]\+ *" | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d ' ' | tr -d '\r')
+      _sleep_overload_retry_sec=$_retryafter
+      if [ "$_sleep_overload_retry_sec" ]; then
+        if [ $_sleep_overload_retry_sec -le 600 ]; then
+          _sleep $_sleep_overload_retry_sec
+        else
+          _info "The retryafter=$_retryafter value is too large (> 600), will not retry anymore."
+          _clearupwebbroot "$_currentRoot" "$removelevel" "$token"
+          _clearup
+          _on_issue_err "$_post_hook" "$vlist"
+          return 1
+        fi
+      fi
     done
 
   done
@@ -5152,6 +5290,16 @@ $_authorizations_map"
         return 1
       fi
       break
+    elif _contains "$response" "\"ready\""; then
+      _info "Order status is 'ready', let's sleep and retry."
+      _retryafter=$(echo "$responseHeaders" | grep -i "^Retry-After *:" | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d ' ' | tr -d '\r')
+      _debug "_retryafter" "$_retryafter"
+      if [ "$_retryafter" ]; then
+        _info "Sleeping for $_retryafter seconds then retrying"
+        _sleep $_retryafter
+      else
+        _sleep 2
+      fi
     elif _contains "$response" "\"processing\""; then
       _info "Order status is 'processing', let's sleep and retry."
       _retryafter=$(echo "$responseHeaders" | grep -i "^Retry-After *:" | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d ' ' | tr -d '\r')
@@ -5350,10 +5498,10 @@ $_authorizations_map"
   _savedomainconf "Le_NextRenewTime" "$Le_NextRenewTime"
 
   #convert to pkcs12
+  Le_PFXPassword="$(_readdomainconf Le_PFXPassword)"
   if [ "$Le_PFXPassword" ]; then
     _toPkcs "$CERT_PFX_PATH" "$CERT_KEY_PATH" "$CERT_PATH" "$CA_CERT_PATH" "$Le_PFXPassword"
   fi
-  export CERT_PFX_PATH
 
   if [ "$_real_cert$_real_key$_real_ca$_reload_cmd$_real_fullchain" ]; then
     _savedomainconf "Le_RealCertPath" "$_real_cert"
@@ -5421,10 +5569,6 @@ renew() {
     _info "Switching back to $CA_LETSENCRYPT_V2"
     Le_API="$CA_LETSENCRYPT_V2"
     ;;
-  "$CA_BUYPASS_TEST")
-    _info "Switching back to $CA_BUYPASS"
-    Le_API="$CA_BUYPASS"
-    ;;
   "$CA_GOOGLE_TEST")
     _info "Switching back to $CA_GOOGLE"
     Le_API="$CA_GOOGLE"
@@ -5466,6 +5610,11 @@ renew() {
   Le_PostHook="$(_readdomainconf Le_PostHook)"
   Le_RenewHook="$(_readdomainconf Le_RenewHook)"
   Le_Preferred_Chain="$(_readdomainconf Le_Preferred_Chain)"
+  Le_Certificate_Profile="$(_readdomainconf Le_Certificate_Profile)"
+  Le_Valid_From="$(_readdomainconf Le_Valid_From)"
+  Le_Valid_To="$(_readdomainconf Le_Valid_To)"
+  Le_ExtKeyUse="$(_readdomainconf Le_ExtKeyUse)"
+
   # When renewing from an old version, the empty Le_Keylength means 2048.
   # Note, do not use DEFAULT_DOMAIN_KEY_LENGTH as that value may change over
   # time but an empty value implies 2048 specifically.
@@ -5473,7 +5622,14 @@ renew() {
   if [ -z "$Le_Keylength" ]; then
     Le_Keylength=2048
   fi
-  issue "$Le_Webroot" "$Le_Domain" "$Le_Alt" "$Le_Keylength" "$Le_RealCertPath" "$Le_RealKeyPath" "$Le_RealCACertPath" "$Le_ReloadCmd" "$Le_RealFullChainPath" "$Le_PreHook" "$Le_PostHook" "$Le_RenewHook" "$Le_LocalAddress" "$Le_ChallengeAlias" "$Le_Preferred_Chain" "$Le_Valid_From" "$Le_Valid_To"
+  if [ "$CA_LETSENCRYPT_V2" = "$Le_API" ]; then
+    #letsencrypt doesn't support ocsp anymore
+    if [ "$Le_OCSP_Staple" ]; then
+      export Le_OCSP_Staple=""
+      _cleardomainconf Le_OCSP_Staple
+    fi
+  fi
+  issue "$Le_Webroot" "$Le_Domain" "$Le_Alt" "$Le_Keylength" "$Le_RealCertPath" "$Le_RealKeyPath" "$Le_RealCACertPath" "$Le_ReloadCmd" "$Le_RealFullChainPath" "$Le_PreHook" "$Le_PostHook" "$Le_RenewHook" "$Le_LocalAddress" "$Le_ChallengeAlias" "$Le_Preferred_Chain" "$Le_Valid_From" "$Le_Valid_To" "$Le_Certificate_Profile" "$Le_ExtKeyUse"
   res="$?"
   if [ "$res" != "0" ]; then
     return "$res"
@@ -5640,6 +5796,10 @@ signcsr() {
   _local_addr="${11}"
   _challenge_alias="${12}"
   _preferred_chain="${13}"
+  _valid_f="${14}"
+  _valid_t="${15}"
+  _cert_prof="${16}"
+  _en_key_usage="${17}"
 
   _csrsubj=$(_readSubjectFromCSR "$_csrfile")
   if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
@@ -5683,7 +5843,7 @@ signcsr() {
   _info "Copying CSR to: $CSR_PATH"
   cp "$_csrfile" "$CSR_PATH"
 
-  issue "$_csrW" "$_csrsubj" "$_csrdomainlist" "$_csrkeylength" "$_real_cert" "$_real_key" "$_real_ca" "$_reload_cmd" "$_real_fullchain" "$_pre_hook" "$_post_hook" "$_renew_hook" "$_local_addr" "$_challenge_alias" "$_preferred_chain"
+  issue "$_csrW" "$_csrsubj" "$_csrdomainlist" "$_csrkeylength" "$_real_cert" "$_real_key" "$_real_ca" "$_reload_cmd" "$_real_fullchain" "$_pre_hook" "$_post_hook" "$_renew_hook" "$_local_addr" "$_challenge_alias" "$_preferred_chain" "$_valid_f" "$_valid_t" "$_cert_prof" "$_en_key_usage"
 
 }
 
@@ -5734,9 +5894,10 @@ list() {
   _sep="|"
   if [ "$_raw" ]; then
     if [ -z "$_domain" ]; then
-      printf "%s\n" "Main_Domain${_sep}KeyLength${_sep}SAN_Domains${_sep}CA${_sep}Created${_sep}Renew"
+      printf "%s\n" "Main_Domain${_sep}KeyLength${_sep}SAN_Domains${_sep}Profile${_sep}CA${_sep}Created${_sep}Renew"
     fi
-    for di in "${CERT_HOME}"/*.*/; do
+    for di in "${CERT_HOME}"/*.* "${CERT_HOME}"/*:*; do
+      [ -d "$di" ] || continue
       d=$(basename "$di")
       _debug d "$d"
       (
@@ -5749,7 +5910,7 @@ list() {
           . "$DOMAIN_CONF"
           _ca="$(_getCAShortName "$Le_API")"
           if [ -z "$_domain" ]; then
-            printf "%s\n" "$Le_Domain${_sep}\"$Le_Keylength\"${_sep}$Le_Alt${_sep}$_ca${_sep}$Le_CertCreateTimeStr${_sep}$Le_NextRenewTimeStr"
+            printf "%s\n" "$Le_Domain${_sep}\"$Le_Keylength\"${_sep}$Le_Alt${_sep}$Le_Certificate_Profile${_sep}$_ca${_sep}$Le_CertCreateTimeStr${_sep}$Le_NextRenewTimeStr"
           else
             if [ "$_domain" = "$d" ]; then
               cat "$DOMAIN_CONF"
@@ -5768,6 +5929,48 @@ list() {
 
 }
 
+list_profiles() {
+  _initpath
+  _initAPI
+
+  _l_server_url="$ACME_DIRECTORY"
+  _l_server_name="$(_getCAShortName "$_l_server_url")"
+  _info "Fetching profiles from $_l_server_name ($_l_server_url)..."
+
+  response=$(_get "$_l_server_url" "" 10)
+  if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
+    _err "Failed to connect to CA directory: $_l_server_url"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  normalized_response=$(echo "$response" | _normalizeJson)
+  profiles_json=$(echo "$normalized_response" | _egrep_o '"profiles" *: *\{[^\}]*\}')
+
+  if [ -z "$profiles_json" ]; then
+    _info "The CA '$_l_server_name' does not publish certificate profiles via its directory endpoint."
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  # Strip the outer layer to get the key-value pairs
+  profiles_kv=$(echo "$profiles_json" | sed 's/"profiles" *: *{//' | sed 's/}$//' | tr ',' '\n')
+
+  printf "\n%-15s %s\n" "name" "info"
+  printf -- "--------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
+
+  _old_IFS="$IFS"
+  IFS='
+'
+  for pair in $profiles_kv; do
+    # Trim quotes and whitespace
+    _name=$(echo "$pair" | cut -d: -f1 | tr -d '" \t')
+    _info_url=$(echo "$pair" | cut -d: -f2- | sed 's/^ *//' | tr -d '"')
+    printf "%-15s %s\n" "$_name" "$_info_url"
+  done
+  IFS="$_old_IFS"
+
+  return 0
+}
+
 _deploy() {
   _d="$1"
   _hooks="$2"
@@ -5792,7 +5995,7 @@ _deploy() {
         return 1
       fi
 
-      if ! $d_command "$_d" "$CERT_KEY_PATH" "$CERT_PATH" "$CA_CERT_PATH" "$CERT_FULLCHAIN_PATH"; then
+      if ! $d_command "$_d" "$CERT_KEY_PATH" "$CERT_PATH" "$CA_CERT_PATH" "$CERT_FULLCHAIN_PATH" "$CERT_PFX_PATH"; then
         _err "Error deploying for domain: $_d"
         return 1
       fi
@@ -5955,7 +6158,7 @@ _installcert() {
     ); then
       _info "$(__green "Reload successful")"
     else
-      _err "Reload error for: $Le_Domain"
+      _err "Reload error for: $_main_domain"
     fi
   fi
 
@@ -6035,7 +6238,7 @@ installcronjob() {
     _script="$(_readlink "$_SCRIPT_")"
     _debug _script "$_script"
     if [ -f "$_script" ]; then
-      _info "Usinging the current script from: $_script"
+      _info "Using the current script from: $_script"
       lesh="$_script"
     else
       _err "Cannot install cronjob, $PROJECT_ENTRY not found."
@@ -6306,7 +6509,8 @@ _deactivate() {
     fi
     _debug "Trigger validation."
     vtype="$(_getIdType "$_d_domain")"
-    entry="$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o '[^\{]*"type":"'$vtype'"[^\}]*')"
+    # Fix for empty error objects in response which mess up the original code, adapted from fix suggested here: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4933#issuecomment-1870499018
+    entry="$(echo "$response" | sed s/'"error":{}'/'"error":null'/ | _egrep_o '[^\{]*"type":"'$vtype'"[^\}]*')"
     _debug entry "$entry"
     if [ -z "$entry" ]; then
       _err "$d: Cannot get domain token"
@@ -6390,6 +6594,36 @@ deactivate() {
   done
 }
 
+#cert
+_getAKI() {
+  _cert="$1"
+  openssl x509 -in "$_cert" -text -noout | grep "X509v3 Authority Key Identifier" -A 1 | _tail_n 1 | tr -d ' :'
+}
+
+#cert
+_getSerial() {
+  _cert="$1"
+  openssl x509 -in "$_cert" -serial -noout | cut -d = -f 2
+}
+
+#cert
+_get_ARI() {
+  _cert="$1"
+  _aki=$(_getAKI "$_cert")
+  _ser=$(_getSerial "$_cert")
+  _debug2 "_aki" "$_aki"
+  _debug2 "_ser" "$_ser"
+
+  _akiurl="$(echo "$_aki" | _h2b | _base64 | tr -d = | _url_encode)"
+  _debug2 "_akiurl" "$_akiurl"
+  _serurl="$(echo "$_ser" | _h2b | _base64 | tr -d = | _url_encode)"
+  _debug2 "_serurl" "$_serurl"
+
+  _ARI_URL="$ACME_RENEWAL_INFO/$_akiurl.$_serurl"
+  _get "$_ARI_URL"
+
+}
+
 # Detect profile file if not specified as environment variable
 _detect_profile() {
   if [ -n "$PROFILE" -a -f "$PROFILE" ]; then
@@ -6438,6 +6672,7 @@ _initconf() {
 #NO_TIMESTAMP=1
 
     " >"$ACCOUNT_CONF_PATH"
+    chmod 600 "$ACCOUNT_CONF_PATH"
   fi
 }
 
@@ -6473,9 +6708,9 @@ _precheck() {
     return 1
   fi
 
-  if ! _exists "socat"; then
-    _err "It is recommended to install socat first."
-    _err "We use socat for the standalone server, which is used for standalone mode."
+  if ! _exists "socat" && ! _exists "python" && ! _exists "python2" && ! _exists "python3"; then
+    _err "It is recommended to install socat or python first."
+    _err "We use socat or python for the standalone server, which is used for standalone mode."
     _err "If you don't want to use standalone mode, you may ignore this warning."
   fi
 
@@ -6787,7 +7022,7 @@ _send_notify() {
 
   _nsource="$NOTIFY_SOURCE"
   if [ -z "$_nsource" ]; then
-    _nsource="$(hostname)"
+    _nsource="$(uname -n)"
   fi
 
   _nsubject="$_nsubject by $_nsource"
@@ -6945,6 +7180,9 @@ Parameters:
                                       If no match, the default offered chain will be used. (default: empty)
                                       See: $_PREFERRED_CHAIN_WIKI
 
+  --cert-profile, --certificate-profile <profile>  If the CA offers profiles, select the desired profile
+                                      See: $_PROFILESELECTION_WIKI
+
   --valid-to    <date-time>         Request the NotAfter field of the cert.
                                       See: $_VALIDITY_WIKI
   --valid-from  <date-time>         Request the NotBefore field of the cert.
@@ -6989,7 +7227,7 @@ Parameters:
 
   --accountconf <file>              Specifies a customized account config file.
   --home <directory>                Specifies the home dir for $PROJECT_NAME.
-  --cert-home <directory>           Specifies the home dir to save all the certs, only valid for '--install' command.
+  --cert-home <directory>           Specifies the home dir to save all the certs.
   --config-home <directory>         Specifies the home dir to save all the configurations.
   --useragent <string>              Specifies the user agent string. it will be saved for future use too.
   -m, --email <email>               Specifies the account email, only valid for the '--install' and '--update-account' command.
@@ -7021,6 +7259,8 @@ Parameters:
   --auto-upgrade [0|1]              Valid for '--upgrade' command, indicating whether to upgrade automatically in future. Defaults to 1 if argument is omitted.
   --listen-v4                       Force standalone/tls server to listen at ipv4.
   --listen-v6                       Force standalone/tls server to listen at ipv6.
+  --request-v4                      Force client requests to use ipv4 to connect to the CA server.
+  --request-v6                      Force client requests to use ipv6 to connect to the CA server.
   --openssl-bin <file>              Specifies a custom openssl bin location.
   --use-wget                        Force to use wget, if you have both curl and wget installed.
   --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please  Force use of dns manual mode.
@@ -7139,6 +7379,24 @@ _processAccountConf() {
     _saveaccountconf "ACME_USE_WGET" "$ACME_USE_WGET"
   fi
 
+  if [ "$_request_v6" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf "ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS" "$_request_v6"
+    _clearaccountconf "ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS"
+    ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS=
+  elif [ "$_request_v4" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf "ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS" "$_request_v4"
+    _clearaccountconf "ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS"
+    ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS=
+  elif [ "$ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf "ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS" "$ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS"
+    _clearaccountconf "ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS"
+    ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS=
+  elif [ "$ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf "ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS" "$ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS"
+    _clearaccountconf "ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS"
+    ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS=
+  fi
+
 }
 
 _checkSudo() {
@@ -7304,6 +7562,8 @@ _process() {
   _local_address=""
   _log_level=""
   _auto_upgrade=""
+  _request_v4=""
+  _request_v6=""
   _listen_v4=""
   _listen_v6=""
   _openssl_bin=""
@@ -7320,6 +7580,8 @@ _process() {
   _preferred_chain=""
   _valid_from=""
   _valid_to=""
+  _certificate_profile=""
+  _extended_key_usage=""
   while [ ${#} -gt 0 ]; do
     case "${1}" in
 
@@ -7423,6 +7685,9 @@ _process() {
     --set-default-chain)
       _CMD="setdefaultchain"
       ;;
+    --list-profiles)
+      _CMD="list_profiles"
+      ;;
     -d | --domain)
       _dvalue="$2"
 
@@ -7638,6 +7903,10 @@ _process() {
       _valid_to="$2"
       shift
       ;;
+    --certificate-profile | --cert-profile)
+      _certificate_profile="$2"
+      shift
+      ;;
     --httpport)
       _httpport="$2"
       Le_HTTPPort="$_httpport"
@@ -7708,7 +7977,7 @@ _process() {
       shift
       ;;
     --extended-key-usage)
-      Le_ExtKeyUse="$2"
+      _extended_key_usage="$2"
       shift
       ;;
     --ocsp-must-staple | --ocsp)
@@ -7761,6 +8030,18 @@ _process() {
       fi
       AUTO_UPGRADE="$_auto_upgrade"
       ;;
+    --request-v4)
+      _request_v4="1"
+      ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS="1"
+      _request_v6=""
+      ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS=""
+      ;;
+    --request-v6)
+      _request_v6="1"
+      ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS="1"
+      _request_v4=""
+      ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS=""
+      ;;
     --listen-v4)
       _listen_v4="1"
       Le_Listen_V4="$_listen_v4"
@@ -7913,13 +8194,13 @@ _process() {
   uninstall) uninstall "$_nocron" ;;
   upgrade) upgrade ;;
   issue)
-    issue "$_webroot" "$_domain" "$_altdomains" "$_keylength" "$_cert_file" "$_key_file" "$_ca_file" "$_reloadcmd" "$_fullchain_file" "$_pre_hook" "$_post_hook" "$_renew_hook" "$_local_address" "$_challenge_alias" "$_preferred_chain" "$_valid_from" "$_valid_to"
+    issue "$_webroot" "$_domain" "$_altdomains" "$_keylength" "$_cert_file" "$_key_file" "$_ca_file" "$_reloadcmd" "$_fullchain_file" "$_pre_hook" "$_post_hook" "$_renew_hook" "$_local_address" "$_challenge_alias" "$_preferred_chain" "$_valid_from" "$_valid_to" "$_certificate_profile" "$_extended_key_usage"
     ;;
   deploy)
     deploy "$_domain" "$_deploy_hook" "$_ecc"
     ;;
   signcsr)
-    signcsr "$_csr" "$_webroot" "$_cert_file" "$_key_file" "$_ca_file" "$_reloadcmd" "$_fullchain_file" "$_pre_hook" "$_post_hook" "$_renew_hook" "$_local_address" "$_challenge_alias" "$_preferred_chain"
+    signcsr "$_csr" "$_webroot" "$_cert_file" "$_key_file" "$_ca_file" "$_reloadcmd" "$_fullchain_file" "$_pre_hook" "$_post_hook" "$_renew_hook" "$_local_address" "$_challenge_alias" "$_preferred_chain" "$_valid_from" "$_valid_to" "$_certificate_profile" "$_extended_key_usage"
     ;;
   showcsr)
     showcsr "$_csr" "$_domain"
@@ -7984,6 +8265,9 @@ _process() {
   setdefaultchain)
     setdefaultchain "$_preferred_chain"
     ;;
+  list_profiles)
+    list_profiles
+    ;;
   *)
     if [ "$_CMD" ]; then
       _err "Invalid command: $_CMD"